美国公众对全球变暖的认知和对气候政策的支持.pdf
.nullnonmarkingreturn “.null8.null.null4.null2012.null7.nullPROGRESSUS INQUISITIONES DE MUTATIONE CLIMATISVo l. 8 No. 4July 2012doi10.3969/j.issn.1673-1719.2012.04.010.nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn, .null. .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .null 2012-02-17.nullnonmarkingreturn .null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ 2 Cold and Arid Regions Environmental andEngineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 3 Earth Science andMineral Resources College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, ChinaAbstract Based on poll data and related researches, this paper analyzed American public understanding of globalwarming, mitigation behavior and support for climate policy. It is found that a majority of the public believe thatglobal warming exists, but many don’t know the relation between global warming and greenhouse gases, and confuseglobal warming with local air pollution and depletion of ozone in the upper atmosphere. Less than half of the publicregard global warming as a serious problem for USA’s individuals and the society, whereas most of them think thatglobal warming is a serious threat to future generations and developing countries. Most of the public recognize thenecessity of changing lifestyle to reduce global warming, and have engaged in simple and low-cost behaviors toreduce carbon emissions. However, they are not ready to give up private cars and long distance air travel. Themajority of the public support the federal government to control carbon emissions with the precondition that controlmeasures will not hurt economy and employment. The preferred possible measures include developing vehicles andhousehold appliances that use less energy, whereas increase in energy taxes is generally refused.Key words USA; global warming; climate policy; pollWhitmarsh L. What’s in a name Commonalities and differences in publicunderstanding of “climate change” and “global warming” [J]. PublicUnderstanding of Science, 2009, 18 4 401J420Hamilton L C. Education, politics and opinions about climate changeevidence for interaction effects [J]. Climatic Change, 2011, 104 2 231J242Krosnick J A, Holbrook A L, Visser P S. The impact of the fall 1997debate about global warming on American public opinion [J]. PublicUnderstanding of Science, 2000, 9 3 239J260Kempton W. How the public views climate change [J]. Environment,1997, 39 9 12J21Bostrom A, Morgan M G, Fischhoff B, et al. What do people know aboutglobal climate change 1. mental models [J]. Risk Analysis, 1994, 146 959J970Lorenzoni I, Pidgeon N F. Public views on climate change Europeanand USA perspectives [J]. Climatic Change, 2006, 77 1 73J95[6][7][8][9][10][11]