中国农业温室气体减排交易的机遇与挑战.pdf
.nullnonmarkingreturn “.null8.null.null1.null2012.null1.nullPROGRESSUS INQUISITIONES DE MUTATIONE CLIMATISVol. 8 No. 1January 2012.null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn.nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn .null 2011-09-27.nullnonmarkingreturn .null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ 2 Institute of Environment and Sustainable Developmen in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of AgriculturalSciences, Beijing 100081, ChinaAbstract Under the current unclear situation of global carbon market and the start-up of the voluntary emissionreduction market, and facing the opportunities of setting up domestic energy-saving and emission reduction targetsand the implementation of eco-compensation mechanism, this paper introduces the international carbon marketsituation, and concludes the potential project types of agricultural greenhouse gas GHG reduction and trading. Andthen discusses how China could actively explore the utilization of market base instrument in the agricultural GHGreduction while getting over the difficulties like small amount of unit reduction, high transaction cost, lack ofologies and third party verifier, as well as the challenge of no unified standard of domestic trading plat.Key words agriculture; greenhouse gas; carbon emission reduction; market mechanism.nullnonmarkingreturn [1] .nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn , .null. .nullnonmarkingreturn “ * ,.nullnonmarkingreturn [J]. .nullnonmarkingreturn “, 2008, 24 10 269J273.nullnonmarkingreturn, .nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn , .null. .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *, .null.nullnonmarkingreturn “ [J]. .nullnonmarkingreturn “, 2009, 28 12 2467J2481Smith P, Martino D, Cai Z, et al. Policy and technological constraints toimplementation of greenhouse gas mitigation options in agriculture [J].Agriculture, Ecosystem Environment, 2007, 118 6J28.nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn . .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “.nullnonmarkingreturn [J]. .nullnonmarkingreturn “, 2005, 20 4 384J393[2][4][3][6][5][7][8][9][10][11][16][12][13][14][15]Lal R. Offsetting China’s CO2emission by soil carbon sequestration [J].Climatic Change, 2004, 65 3 263J275.nullnonmarkingreturn, .nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn, .null. .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-. [J]..nullnonmarkingreturn , 2008, 28 2 612J629.nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn , .null. .nullnonmarkingreturn “ “*,.nullnonmarkingreturn “ [J]. .nullnonmarkingreturn “, 2011, 44 11 2284J2293.nullnonmarkingreturn . .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *.null,- [J]. .nullnonmarkingreturn , 20111 62J65Molly P S, Hamilton K, Marcello T, et al. State of the voluntary carbonmarket 2011[R]. Ecosystem Marketplace Bloomberg New EnergyFinance US, 2011.nullnonmarkingreturnZ, .nullnonmarkingreturn B. .nullnonmarkingreturn “ * [M]//.null.nullnonmarkingreturn, .nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn , .null. .nullnonmarkingreturn .nullnonmarkingreturn “, 2009 24J37.nullnonmarkingreturn . .nullnonmarkingreturn “nonmarkingreturn .null2007.null2015.nullnonmarkingreturn[R/OL]. 2007[2011-01-02]. http// .nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn . .nullnonmarkingreturn “ [J]. .nullnonmarkingreturn .null.null.nullnonmarkingreturn “, 2008, 18 3 48J53.nullnonmarkingreturn , .nullnonmarkingreturn. .nullnonmarkingreturn “CDM.nullnonmarkingreturn “[J]. .null.nullnonmarkingreturn , 2008 1 21J23.nullnonmarkingreturn . .nullnonmarkingreturn “ *,-./ [J]. .nullnonmarkingreturn ,2002 7 4J8, 12.nullnonmarkingreturn. .nullnonmarkingreturn “ .nullnonmarkingreturn “[J]. .nullnonmarkingreturn “, 2006,26 5 722J732Li C S, Mosier A, Wassmann R, et al. Modeling greenhouse gas emissionsfrom rice-based production systems sensitivity and upscaling [J]. GlobalBiogeochemical Cycles, 2004, 18 1J19